Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs), such as Starlink, play a pivotal role in the evolution of 5G mobile communications by enabling direct handset-to-satellite connectivity. This innovative architecture eliminates reliance on terrestrial base stations, providing coverage in remote, rural, and maritime areas where traditional infrastructure is absent or impractical. With onboard gNBs on satellites, NTNs deliver seamless global coverage, support mobility across wide areas, and enhance network resilience by complementing terrestrial 5G deployments. They also address critical use cases such as disaster recovery, IoT applications, and emergency services. By integrating NTNs into 5G networks, operators can ensure ubiquitous connectivity, achieving the vision of true global communication.
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